Freedom Movement

One Marks Questions

Answer: 1885

Answer: Dubai Navoroji

Answer: Bala Gangadhar Tilak

Answer: Kesari

Answer: A. O. Hume

Answer: Bala Gangadhar Tilak

Answer: 1906

Answer: Lord Curzan

Answer: Press of India

Answer: W.C. Banerjee

Answer: 1858

Answer: Unity among the people of India.

Liberal Nationalism

Answer: 1905

Answer: 1911

Answer: 1861

Answer: Led to the development of political awakening in India

Answer: Lord Lytton

Answer: British rule and judiciary

Answer: Liberal Nationalism

Answer: Revolutionaries

Answer: Bal Gangadhar Tilak

Two Marks Questions

Answer:
• ‘The Hindu Mela’
• ‘All Indian Association’
• ‘Poona Public Sabha’
• ‘The Indian Association’

Answer:
• Cutting down of military expenditure
• Development of Indian industries
• Providing good education
• Programmes for poverty alleviation

Answer:
• Moderates were the first to study the ill effects of British rule on India.
• Navoroji explained the drain of resources of India into England through statistics and called it “Drain Theory”.
• By increasing the import and reducing the export, the British facilitated the draining out of precious Indian resources into India.
• Dadabai Navoroji. R.C.Datt too published books explaining the draining of Indian resources into England.

Answer: Aurobindo Gosh, V.D.Saavarkar, Ashwini Kumar Datta, Rajanarayana Bose, Rajauru, Chakikar brothers, Vishnu Shastri. Champukar, Shyamaji Krishna Verma. As Bihari Gosh. Madam Cama, Kudiram Bose, Ramprasad Bismil, Ashvaklla Khan, Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekar Azad, Jatin Das are revolutionaries of India.

Answer:
• Tilak declared ”Swaraj is my birthright. I would definitely get it back.”
• Attaining complete freedom was the aim of radicals.
• They attempted to organize people by employing religious celebrations too.
• They used Ganesha, Shivaji, and Durga celebrations to organise people against the British.
• Tilak published Kesari in Marathi and Maratha in English languages.
• He encouraged common people to protest against the British.
• Tilak wrote a book ‘Geetharahasya’ in the prison which further fueled the freedom fervour.

Answer:
• The division of Bengal resulted in widespread protests across the country.
• The radicals took the issue to the doorsteps of common people.
• They called for boycotting of foreign goods and the institutions that encourage it.
• Indians were encouraged to use local goods.
• The British government withdrew the Bengal division order in 1911.

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Three and Four Marks Questions

Answer:
1. The second half of the nineteenth century many developments like the expansion of communication and roads, expansion of English education. Journalism and the Birth of cultural associations can be witnessed.
2. People suffered a lot from the famines and hardships created by British rule.
3. Many farmers and tribal agitations that took place during this period is proof of this.
4. Indians who suffered in the hands of East India company put up strong resistance in the form of the first war of Indian Independence in 1857.
5. As a result, it ended the rule of the East India company in I 858 and started the rule of the Queen of England.
6. With the implementation of the Act of 1861. the participation of Indians in the legislation process was ushered in. As a result of all these, the educated youth started sharing the idea of Nationalism with ordinary people.

Answer: A.O.Hume plays ed an important role in the formation of the Indian national congress in 1885. Hume was a retired British civil servant and met political leaders in cities like Madras, Bombay, and Calcutta and discussed the various issues of public importance.

Aims of INC:
• The congress declared that achieving national unity as its primary aim during its first national convention.
• It thrived to achieve unity among the diverse cultural and social paths of India.
• The leaders of this period also had the commitment to achieve it.

Answer:
• The soft stance of the moderates towards the British made unhappy groups within the congress call them “Political Beggars”.
• The group congressmen who criticized the soft stance of moderates are called as Radicals.
• Aurobindo Gosh, Bipin Chandra Pal, Lai Lajapath Roy, Balagangadhar Rilak are the main members of this radical group.
• The division of Bengal resulted in widespread protests across the country.
• The radicals took the issue to the doorsteps of common people.
• They called for boycotting of foreign goods and the institutions that encourage them.
• Indians were encouraged to use local goods.
• Tilak declared “Swaraj is my Birth Right. I would definitely get it back”.
• Attaining complete freedom was the aim of radicals. They used Ganesha.
• Shivaji, and Durga celebrations to organize people against the British.
• Tilak published ‘Kesari in Marathi’. ‘Maratha’ in English languages.
• He encouraged common people to protest against the British.

Answer:
• Revolutionaries dreamed of attaining complete freedom.
• They believed that they can drive away from the British by employing violent methods.
• D. Saavarkar, Ashwini Kumar Datta. Bhagat Singh, Chandrashekar Azad, Aurobindo Gosh are important revolutionaries.
• They established secret associations across the country.
• Started collecting weapons and money for an armed struggle against the British.
• A secret organization named ‘Lotus and Dragger’ was founded in England.
• ‘Gadha’ in the USA can be recalled here.
• Abhinava Bharatha’ and ‘Anusheela Samiti’ were two important secrets.

Answer:
• The radicals took the issue of partition of Bengal to the doorstep of the Indians.
• They called for Boycotting foreign goods.
• They asked the people to boycott British Institutions also.
• They encouraged Indians to use domestic goods.
• Attaining complete freedom, was the ultimate objective of the radicals.
• They attempted to organize the Indians through religious celebrations also • The radicals used Ganesha. Shivaji, Durga celebrations to organize the Indians against the British.
• Tilak declared “Swaraj is my Birthright. I would definitely get it back”.